Avery Benning
Annotated Bibliography

Research topic: Mass Incarceration

     Mauer, Marc. "Addressing Racial Disproportionality and Disparities in Human Services." The Prison Journal (2014): 1-15. Print.

Written by Marc Mauer who is an expert on the sentencing policy, race, and the criminal justice system and directed programs on criminal justice policy for the last 30 years. He is described by a scholar who has “reframed how Americans view crime, race, and poverty in the public sphere.” The article reviews the trends and impact of mass incarceration on communities of color. It also focuses on criminal justice policy. Mauer also discusses how things can be done in order to change the problem with mass incarceration. Also the racial disparities that can be offered for other policy reforms.

        Bibas, Stephanos. "The Truth about Mass Incarceration." National Review. N.p., 16 Sept. 2015. Web. 01 Apr. 2017.



Stephanos Bibas is a professor of law and criminology and the director of the supreme court clinic. He studied the power and the incentives that shape how prosecutors, defense counsel, defendants and judges behave in the real world of guilty pleas. The article discusses the highest incarceration rate in the world, which is America and how it all started during the time of the war on drugs.

         Wagner, Peter, and Bernadette Rabuy. "Mass Incarceration: The Whole Pie 2016." Prison Policy Initiative. N.p., 14 Mar. 2017. Web. 01 March 2017

Peter Wagner is an attorney and Executive Director of the Prison Policy Initiative where he discusses the negative side effects of mass incarceration. While Bernadette Rabuy is a senior policy analyst at the Prison Policy Initiative where she focuses on prison and jail visitation and making key criminal justice accessible to the public. This source is a bunch of pie charts that show different statistics regarding people that locked up in local jails, state prisons and federal prisons. It also shows the youth and why they are put into jail based on their charges and upbringing.

         Alexander, Michelle. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York:

Michelle Alexander is an associate professor of law at Ohio State University's Moritz College of Law, a civil rights advocate, and writer. She is the author of The New Jim Crow where she also discusses the mass incarceration rates and how black people have been suffering from this since the war on drug began. She also discusses the colorblindness that goes along with institutionalized racism. Along with the rebirth of a caste like system involving the increasing number of black people being locked behind bars.